Drug interactions should be considered as a possible cause of any unexpected problems. When unexpected clinical responses occur, prescribers should determine serum concentrations of …

Thus, the aldosterone antagonists (also termed mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists) are often used, particularly for patients with moderate to severe symptoms or signs of heart failure. …

Drug Absorption and Clinical Pharmacology - Learn about from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version.

Pharmacokinetics in Older Adults and Geriatrics - Learn about from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version.

Liver disease may have complex effects on drug clearance, biotransformation, and pharmacokinetics. Pathogenetic factors include alterations in intestinal absorption, plasma …

Medications to Aid Intubation - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version.

Anemia, a decrease in the number of red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) content, or hematocrit (Hct), can result from decreased RBC production (erythropoiesis), increased RBC …

Dec 31, 2018 · Meniere disease is an inner ear disorder that causes vertigo, nausea, fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, aural fullness, and tinnitus. There is no confirmatory diagnostic …

Renal glucosuria is glucose in the urine without hyperglycemia; it results from either an acquired or an inherited isolated defect in glucose transport or occurs with other renal tubule disorders.

Metabolic acidosis is primary reduction in bicarbonate (HCO), typically with compensatory reduction in carbon dioxide partial pressure (P); pH may be markedly low or slightly …